Method of making hollow reinforced-concrete ties.



H. R. LEONARD. r METHOD OP MAKING HOLLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE TIES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27, 1911. 1,039,552.

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Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

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WITNESSES ATTORNEYS H. R. LEONARD. METHOD OF MAKING HOLLOW REINFOROED CONCRETE TIES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27, 1911.

1,039,552. Patented sept.-24,1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

m44 9 Lz n Gw T #3 wnNEssEs ATORNIEYS HENRY R. LEONARD, 0E WAYNE, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF annessa. i

Specication of letters Patent.

Application filed September 27, 1i911.

MAKING HOLLOW REINFORCED-CONCRETE TIES.

Patented sept. 2e, i912.'-

Seral No. 651,561.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY R. LEONARD, a citizen of the United States, residing in lVayne, county of Delaware, State of Pennsylvania, have invented anew and useful Method of Making Hollow'Reinforced-Concrete Ties, of which the following is a specication.

My present invention relates to a novel method of producing a hollow reinforced concrete tie for railroad purposes, and in its broad and generic scope consists of a novel method wherein the reinforcements and the concrete, the latter either in the form of a concretey mixture or the ingredients thereof, are placed within the mold which is then caused to revolve whereby owing to the centrifugal action, a very dense, durable and true surface is provided on all the outer surfaces of the tie.

lt further consists of a novel method of producing' a hollow reinforced concrete tie wherein the necessity of employing a core for the-longitudinal aperture is entirely dispensedwith and the apertures for the fastening devices are formed in the tie during the revolution of the mold.k

My invention further consists of a novel method of producing a hollow rein-forced concrete tie wherein metalV reinforcements are suitably spaced within a mold, such reinforcements, including a metal'reinforcement at the ends of the tie to prevent injury thereto Lby the engagement of the lifting jacks with the' walls of the aperture, the mol lbeing formed in such a manner that the concrete mixture, when set, after the mold has been revolved for a predetermined interval, will provide lugs which yprevent the lateral movement of the chairs on which the rails are carried.

My invention further consists of a novel construction of a hollow reinforced concrete tie.

t further consists of other novel features of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in the accompanying drawings one form thereof which is at present preferred by me, since the same will give in practice satisfactory and reliableresults, although it is to be. understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be'l variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not ltion is immaterial, and a limited tg the precise arrangement and orcanization of these instrumentalities as erein shown and described.

Figure, l represents a side elevation of a hollow concrete tie embodying my novel method. Fig. 2 represents a section on line --x Fig. 3, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 8 represents a side elevation on` an enlarged Scale of my device, certain parts thereof being broken away for clearness of illustration. Fig. 4 'represents a section on line y--fylof Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents a transverse section of my device, showing in addition a portion ofthe mold. Fig. 6 represents a plan view of one type of a mold and driving mechanism therefor, by the employment of which my novel method may be carried out.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts inthe figures.

Referring to the-drawings: the type of mold employed in carrying out' my invengreatmany dilferent constructions may be ,em loyed, and in order to illustrate one type o 'a mold which may be advantageously used, I 'have shown in Fig.- a mold consisting of two parts l and 2f, which are adapted to be secured together by means of suitable fastening devices `3, the parts of the molds being hinged together as indicated at 4. Any desired number of molds may be employed and' each mold is provided 'with trunnions 5 mounted in suitable bearings 6, said trunnions vhaving thereon gears 7 which mesh with gears 8 on a Aline shaft 9, which 'latter is driven by any suitable means, such s, the electric motor 10, whic is operatively connected therewith in any desired manner.

1-1 designates longitudinal extending refor example,4

inforcements, any desired number 'of which may be employed, and which are suitably spaced from each other. Y

12 designates annular reinforcements which preferably are bent around the longitudinal extending reinforcements 11, as is best seen in'Fig. 5, and the free ends of the 'annular members 12 are secured together in any desiredfmanner. l 13g designates spacing members which are bent around the longitudinal extending members 1l and then extend angularly outwardly, as will be understood by reference;

to 'FT .#4, so that whenthe' reinforcementsare p' 'aoed in position in thje mold, the same will be lsuitably spaced relatively to the inner walls of themolds, the contour of u will tend longitudinal extending bars 11, as 2.

which latter may vary as desired, and the same may have a rectangular, square, po-

lygonal, or any other desired contour,

1&1?,designates a reinforcement which is placed in proximity to ther end of the tie,

as will be best understood by reference to Fig. 3, and which as best'seen in Fig. 2, extends over the aperture so that when the lifting jacks are employed to 'raise the tiev fro-m its bed, the structure will be properly reinforced at such points, and, in the present instance, for the purpose of illustrating one manner 0f`locating these reinforcements, I have shown the reinforcing bar 14 as surrounding the upper portion of the aperture 15 and has itsy free ends bent around the seen in ne portion of the mold, in the present instance the portion 2, is provided with a core member 16 so that the apertures 17, the fastening devices 18 pass in the tie during the revolution of the mold. The mold is provided on one of its faces with a desired number of recesses 19 which provide for the formation of the lugs 2O which serve to prevent lateral movement of the chairs 21 which latter may b e pf wood, metal or any other desired materia 22 designates 'gibs of wood, metal or other desired material, the contour of which conforms to the inner walls of the aperture 15 through which the fastening devices 18 pass, which latter are rovided with suitable nuts 23 and 24 whereby the chairs will be properly secured with respect to the tie.

25 designatesthe rails which are secured to the chairs 21, in any desired or conventional manner.

26 designates the completed tie.

In carrying. out my novel method, the metal of other reinforcements, secured together in any desired manner, are placed within the mold, after which the saine is closed and the concrete mixture, either as a mixture or the ingredients thereof, is placed within the mold, after which the saine is sealed. The motor 10 is shown set in motion, whereupon the shaft 9 will be rotated thereby causing the rotation of the mold, the speed of rotation of which will vary in accordance with the conditions and requirements of the case. Owing, to the centrifugal action within the mold the heavier particles of the concrete mixture to travel outwardly and toward the inner Walls of the mold, the result of which will be, that the concrete will be denser and harder near the outer faces of the tie being formed than at the inner ortion thereof, which is desirable in articles 0f this character in order that the tie will not be injured by the bearing of the rails and vto set, the rotation of the the tamping of the ballast. After the mold has been rotated for the requisite time to cause the concrete mixture to assume the proper density at the outer positions thereof, and the concrete mixture has begun mold may be arrested and after the concrete is set, the shrinkage is suflicient to loosen the same from the walls of the molds, the fastening devices 3 are then unfastened, whereupon the mold member 2 .may be moved relative to the mold member 1 owing to the manner in which it is hinged at 4, so that the core 16 is removed, thereby providing apertures 17 through which the fastening devices pass, as already described. v

By my novel method the outer portion of the tie will be of greater density than the inner portion thereof, the result of which is to greatly lengthen the life of the tie and to reduce to a minimum the liability of the tie becoming injured by' the contact of foreign material thereagainst.

In so far as I am aware, I am the first in the art todevise a method of making a concrete tie, wherein the same is produced by centrifugal action of the material, and the tie is formed of greater density at the outer portions than at its inner portions and wherein the apertures, through which the fastening devices for securing the chair in place pass, are formed in the tie, during the rotation of the mold, and wherein the longitudinal extending aperture is formed by the centrifugal action imparted to the concrete mixture, and also wherein provision is made at the ends of the tie toprevent the walls of the aperture being injured by the lifting jacks,

interpreted with corresponding scope.

While I have shown in the. present instance a preferred manner of forming and placing the reinforcements, it is to be understood that in the broad scope of my invention, these reinforcements may be located and spaced in any desired manner and still be within the scope of my inven tion.

It will now be apparent that I have devised a novel and useful construction of a method of making a hollow reinforced concrete tie which embodies the features of adand it is to be understood Ythat my claims to such features are to be vantage enumerated as desirable in the Y statement of the invention and the above description, and while I have, in the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodiment thereof which has been found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, itis'to be understood that the same is susceptible of modication in various lparticulars Without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacri-v cingany of its advantages.

aving thus described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is'z- The method of making a hollow concrete tie, which consists in forming a mold wtlr two recesses near each end to form rail chair spacing lugs, placing reinforcements within the mold and spacing them from the inner walls thereof, securing to such reinforcements additional reinforcing elements 10 extending at each end across the top of the aperture to be formed, placing a concrete mixture in the mold, rotating the mold, arresting the rotation oin the mold, and lastly removing the concrete tie thus formed from the mold.

HENRY R. LEONARD.

'Vitnesses H. S. FAIRBANKS, C. D. MGVAY. 

